I utilize the Offered Remodeled Water Epidermis Heat (ERSST) research out-of Reynolds and Smith (1994), version 3b (Smith ainsi que al

2008), which takes ship and buoy proportions and you may supplies an excellent gridded dataset within 2° resolution having fun with an optimum interpolation method. We use the climatological study computed between 1981 and 2010. Given that a metric towards the interhemispheric change out of exotic SST, i assess ?SST as spatially adjusted SST amongst the equator and you may 20°N minus the spatially weighted SST involving the equator and 20°S. step 1

(iii) Atmospheric temperatures transportation along the equator

The atmospheric temperature transportation is derived from the newest Federal Facilities for Environment Prediction (NCEP) four-times-daily reanalysis sphere (Kalnay ainsi que al. 1996) which have a (horizontal) spectral solution off T62 and 17 vertical profile. New atmospheric heat transport was https://datingranking.net/okcupid-vs-match/ determined from the first balancing the brand new atmospheric bulk finances from the reanalysis investigation having a beneficial barotropic snap modification like in Trenberth (1997) and after that calculating this new meridional flux from damp static time dos and you will vertically integrating. This process is used to compose month-to-month averaged atmospheric temperature transportation away from 1981 to help you 2010 therefore the climatological average more this period is used in this investigation.

We use longwave and shortwave radiative fluxes from the Clouds and Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) experiment (Wielicki et al. 1996) to calculate ?SWABS? and ?OLR?. All calculations are performed separately for each of the four CERES instruments (FM1 and FM2 on Terra from 2000 to 2005 and FM3 and FM4 on Aqua from 2002 to 2005). We then average the results over the four instruments. The quantity ?STOR_atmos? is calculated as the finite difference of the vertically integrated temperature and specific humidity from the NCEP reanalysis climatology. As in Donohoe and Battisti (2013), ?SHF? is calculated as the residual of radiative heating, atmospheric storage, and the atmospheric heat transport divergence (from NCEP reanalysis).

The seasonal amplitude and you can phase used in all of our analysis was discussed given that amplitude and you can stage of your annual harmonic.

2) Overall performance

A scatterplot of the monthly average P_Penny versus AHT_EQ and ?SST is shown in Fig. 3. The precipitation centroid varies from 5.3°S in February to 7.2°N in August and has an annual average of 1.65°N. This seasonal cycle of ITCZ location is slightly damped (equatorward) of other common metrics of ITCZ location (e.g., the latitude of maximum zonal mean precipitation, Xian and Miller 2008). It can be seen that P_Cent spends four months of the year in the Southern Hemisphere during the austral summer as the most intense precipitation is found in the South Pacific convergence zone at this time of year (not shown) and the zonal mean precipitation maximum moves to southern latitudes. We note that although the marine ITCZ defined in the eastern Pacific and Atlantic by Waliser and Gautier (1993) never moves south of the equator, the global ITCZ defined in the same study does move into the Southern Hemisphere and agrees very well with our precipitation centroid.

(top) Scatterplot of the regular stage out-of warm rain centroid vs mix-equatorial atmospheric temperature transportation. For every mix are considering the latest monthly mediocre therefore the size of one’s mix for each axis means the latest 95% believe period assessed on the interannual variability. This new occupied field ‘s the yearly average. This new dashed line is the linear better complement with the monthly averages. (bottom) Since on finest, but for brand new warm precipitation centroid vs the fresh new interhemispheric difference between warm SST.

(top) Scatterplot of the regular period out-of exotic rain centroid vs mix-equatorial atmospheric heat transport. For every mix is actually based on the newest month-to-month average and length of your get across for each axis signifies the fresh 95% rely on interval analyzed from the interannual variability. The new filled package ‘s the annual mediocre. The dashed range is the linear most useful fit on the month-to-month averages. (bottom) As the within most useful, but for the brand new tropical precipitation centroid against the brand new interhemispheric difference in tropical SST.